Stavroula ChaloulouDatenschutz in Smart Grids in Deutschland und Griechenland

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This study aims to demonstrate the new reality and the new requirements of the modern era regarding the use of renewable energy sources and show how this electricity sector can be combined with the private life of individuals and their personal data. Conventional grids cannot meet increasing energy demands and fossil fuels are increasing environmental pollution. Similarly, the simple grid cannot accurately measure energy consumption, resulting either in power cuts or the loss of energy that could have been saved. A new type of grid, the so-called smart grid, is set to play this role. It is a network that incorporates digital technology and combines renewable energy sources and two-way communication process with the consumer. Through smart meters as a key tool for the operation of the smart grid, the consumer can have an adequate overview of his energy consumption at all times and can regulate his further consumption accordingly, thus reducing costs. Renewable energy sources are further involved and a reduction in atmospheric pollution and protection of the environment is achieved. However, in addition to the basic advantages of such a grid, many consumer data are processed, resulting in a user profile. Different parties can have access to information such as when someone may be at home, drinks coffee, or cooks. Thus, a profile of the person's daily activities and preferences is created. This data can be used by many unauthorized parties who want to serve their own purposes. This study analyses exactly what data is processed on the smart grid, why it is called personal data, and describes the process by which a user profile is created and by whom it can be used. Furthermore, the legal framework in the whole scope of the analysis of Germany and Greece is also illustrated by showing their level of development in the smart grid segment. Finally, recommendations are outlined to reduce the risks arising for the protection of personal data and to establish a barrier to consumer privacy.

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