In the past, U.S. courts have been considered as rather friendly regarding recognition of foreign judgments. However, individual court decisions dismissing actions to enforce foreign judgments or arbitral awards on grounds of forum non conveniens raise certain doubts. Under the doctrine of forum non conveniens courts may refuse to take jurisdiction over matters where there is a more appropriate forum available to the parties. In enforcement proceedings, the application of forum non conveniens may completely frustrate execution of a foreign judgment against the debtor’s assets in the U.S. – even though the creditor had obtained the judgment through fair and valid original proceedings. Nils Wiese analyzes, whether the doctrine of forum non conveniens is applicable as an objection against enforcement of foreign judgments or arbitral awards in U.S. courts. He considers whether U.S. law permits application of forum non conveniens and whether, in case of international agreements such as the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, dismissal on grounds of forum non conveniens would nonetheless constitute a breach of U.S. obligations under international law.
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