Cindy ScharrerDer optimistische Bewertungsstil als gesunderhaltender Faktor

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The paper here presents three key aspects. First it deals with the term of rehabilitation and considers the particular demands that the occupational area of neurological-rehabilitative care makes on its caregivers. In doing so the specifications of rehabilitative care and the tensions relating to neurological rehabilitation are illustrated. In addition the concept of holistic care is critically discussed as to the special role self-concept and the claim for patient orientation of the neurological caregivers. The author establishes that the caregivers active in rehabilitation are not aware of their particular role in rehabilitation and she explains the significance and the value of an extended understanding of care in terms of a therapeutic, rehabilitative orientation.

Another focus of this paper lies on asking for factors that keep people healthy. For that purpose the current state of research on the perception of health and on factors for preserving healthiness are summarized whereupon special attention is paid to attribution theories and the construct of the optimistic optimistic explanatory style.

The author illustrates the concept of health as being manifold and she examines physical, mental, social, and corporative components of healthiness as well as the personal rating and the special health experience of women. The considerations are embedded into the theoretical approaches on health research, salutogenesis and resilience, which are implicated in the profession of care-giving.

Finally the particular pressures of the occupational group of caregivers in neurological rehabilitation in the light of current development in health care policy are depicted. In the subsequent empiric survey study the author deals with the question, if the healthiness of caregivers is capable of being influenced by internal factors, especially by an optimistic, life-affirming basic adjustment.

In the third part it is discussed, if and how the explanatory style of a person can be altered in the direction of positive attributions and optimism and which part education in training school or university play in this context. The main focus of these explanations lies on the individual psychological approach by Alfred Adler, whereby special importance is assigned to the terms self-worth and sense of community.

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