Dissertation: Myogenic Potential of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applied for Stem Cell-Based Therapies

Myogenic Potential of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applied for Stem Cell-Based Therapies

Basic Research on Myogenic Differentiation and Neuronal Integration After Transplantation into the Rectus Abdominis Muscle of Athymic Rats

Ausgezeichnet mit dem Eugen-Rehfisch-Preis 2010

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HIPPOKRATES – Schriftenreihe Medizinische Forschungsergebnisse, volume 90

Hamburg , 166 pages

ISBN 978-3-8300-6976-8 (print) |ISBN 978-3-339-06976-4 (eBook)

About this book deutschenglish

Deficient or damaged smooth or striated musculature is a common and serious consequence of disorders, degenerative diseases or traumatic injuries. In urology, e.g. stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is caused by morphological and functional defects of the external urethral sphincter muscle as a complication of vaginal childbirth, surgery of bladder or prostate cancer or by physiological apoptosis as a process of aging. SUI is a common disease that is characterized by involuntary leakage of urine on increasing intra-abdominal pressure due to insufficiency of the urethra sphincter and the pelvic floor. The clinical significance is tremendous considering its socioeconomics and quality of life owing to hygienic problems.

In recent years new therapy forms are on the verge of implementation into clinical application. The chronic shortage of organs and innumerable disorders without any strategy for healing led researchers to think of new ways to not only treat illnesses, but also gave it serious considerations of how to abolish its cause. Great hope is being pinned on regenerative medicine and tissue engineering as new fields exploring novel strategies and tools for tissue and organ replacements. The “ultimate dream” is to “restore, maintain and improve tissue function” by utilizing the patient’s own (autologous) cells after cultivation in the laboratory. This mode of therapy is called cell- or stem cell-based therapy.

Stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), e.g. from the bone marrow (BMSC), can differentiate into a number of tissues including smooth and striated muscle cells. MSC have been shown to contribute to tissue regeneration and wound healing. This book describes and discusses a xenogeneic animal model that explores the nature, step-wise differentiation and integration ability of these stem cells. It demonstrates how human BMSC can be isolated, cultured, labeled (PKH26) and transplanted into a myogenic environment in long terms. For the first time it could be demonstrated, that myogenesis has more plasticity than thought. The tissues were examined after several time points and stained via immunohistochemistry using several muscle markers and latest microscopic imaging techniques (ApoTome, Zeiss GmbH).

The animal model at hand demonstrates in a fascinating way the myogenic and functional potential of BMSC for stem cell-based therapies. The data offer a promising option for regeneration of damaged rhabdosphincters and musculature utilizing the patient´s own stem cells as a causal treatment of SUI or in future prospects other muscular diseases.

Ihr Werk im Verlag Dr. Kovač

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