Dieter Budde Eine ethische Perspektive militärischer Operationen im Rahmen von Responsibility to Protect

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This thesis deals with central aspects of military operations in the context of Responsibility to Protect (R2P). It deals with moral decision-making and action in the context of Responsibility to Protect. This concept of humanitarian intervention was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 2005. People should be protected from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. To this end, both civil and military measures can be taken. The development of the concept, conditions and dimensions of R2P, military action and the moral foundation of action are illustrated. Various ethics are discussed with regard to their practical application and the importance of responsibility. Military operations should be legal and legitimate; law and morality must be the foundation of military action. Based on the conditions of military operations in the context of R2P, criteria for possible moral decision-making and action are developed. Decision-makers of military action at various levels must also take moral aspects into account, along with political, legal and operational requirements. Only in this way can military operations in the context of Responsibility to Protect or other military operations be conducted with respect for human dignity and human rights. The theoretical, philosophical system on which an evaluation can be based is rule-utilitarianism and virtue ethics. The implementation in practice can be done by means of test questions. They concern rules and their application, proportionality and means of operation, human dignity and human rights. They also take into account the protection of non-combatants and innocent people, the consequences of the protective operation, as well as respect for the military profession and military ethos. These test questions can be the basis for moral action.